The optimal setup includes a two-stage ICP process, with water flowing through six modules in the first stage then through three in the second stage, followed by a single electrodialysis process. Yoon and Kang used machine learning to find the ideal combination of ICP and electrodialysis modules. So the researchers incorporated a second process, known as electrodialysis, to remove remaining salt ions. Since it only requires a low-pressure pump, ICP uses less energy than other techniques.īut ICP does not always remove all the salts floating in the middle of the channel. The process removes both dissolved and suspended solids, allowing clean water to pass through the channel. The charged particles are funneled into a second stream of water that is eventually discharged. The membranes repel positively or negatively charged particles - including salt molecules, bacteria, and viruses - as they flow past. Rather than filtering water, the ICP process applies an electrical field to membranes placed above and below a channel of water. Instead, their unit relies on a technique called ion concentration polarization (ICP), which was pioneered by Han’s group more than 10 years ago. The research has been published online in Environmental Science and Technology.Ĭommercially available portable desalination units typically require high-pressure pumps to push water through filters, which are very difficult to miniaturize without compromising the energy-efficiency of the device, explains Yoon. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command (DEVCOM). Kwon, a former postdoc SungKu Kang, a postdoc at Northeastern University and Eric Brack of the U.S. Joining Han on the paper are first author Junghyo Yoon, a research scientist in RLE Hyukjin J. We worked for years on the physics behind individual desalination processes, but pushing all those advances into a box, building a system, and demonstrating it in the ocean, that was a really meaningful and rewarding experience for me,” says senior author Jongyoon Han, a professor of electrical engineering and computer science and of biological engineering, and a member of the Research Laboratory of Electronics (RLE). “This is really the culmination of a 10-year journey that I and my group have been on. It could also be used to aid refugees fleeing natural disasters or by soldiers carrying out long-term military operations. This could enable the unit to be deployed in remote and severely resource-limited areas, such as communities on small islands or aboard seafaring cargo ships. Eliminating the need for replacement filters greatly reduces the long-term maintenance requirements. Unlike other portable desalination units that require water to pass through filters, this device utilizes electrical power to remove particles from drinking water. The technology is packaged into a user-friendly device that runs with the push of one button. It automatically generates drinking water that exceeds World Health Organization quality standards. The suitcase-sized device, which requires less power to operate than a cell phone charger, can also be driven by a small, portable solar panel, which can be purchased online for around $50. You can then use the Snap Bar to set the drawing units.MIT researchers have developed a portable desalination unit, weighing less than 10 kilograms, that can remove particles and salts to generate drinking water. In the Options dialog, click Controls, and select Snap Bar. To change the units, you’ll need to turn on the Snap Bar. One key setting if you’re using 123d, is the ability to change the units that you’re working in. Note that currently Inventor Fusion can open the. On the other hand, 123d is limited to open and saving only in the. Inventor Fusion can open many different file formats. The biggest difference between the two is that Inventor Fusion supports a much larger number of file formats. One big difference is there is no ribbon in 123d, though the commands seem almost identical. There are not too many differences between Inventor Fusion and 123d. If you’ve been following Inventor Fusion, then you’ll already have a good idea of what 123d is like. The 123d beta is now available to download for free from.
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